A survey of alterations in red blood cell count and hemoglobin level of pregnant women between 4 and 10 months of gestation (hereinafter, Month) was made 162times. They were not under medication with anemia therapeutic preparations.
When the alterations of the above two parameters were examined by the Month, the red blood cell count began to gradually decrease at 4th Month and reached a minimum at 8th Month. It showed signs of slight recovery at 10th Month. The hemoglobin level also began to gradually drop at 4th Month, and remained low at and after 7th Month.
The red blood cell count decreased with a significant difference in some Months. There was no Month in which the hemoglobin level altered significantly when it was compared with that of the following month, while there were some Months in which the levels altered significantly when they were compared with those of the levels more than two months later. We considered that they would be accounted for with a quadratic equation, which, if the Month was given as x, would be expressed as follows.
Hemoglobin level=16.0775-0.8651x+0.0449x²
Red blood cell count=519.3663-35.2863x+2.3144x²

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A survey of the status of bowel movement (hereinafter, B. M.) was made on 131 pregnant womenat 4-10 months of gestation in terms of the number of days with B. M. and the frequency of B. M. during a given two-week period by the month of gestation (Hereinafter, Month).
For recording the number of days with B. M. and the frequency of B. M., a supplement to the Mother and Baby Pocket Book was handed to each of the pregnant women, who was then instructed to do a daily record. Both the number of days with B. M. and the frequency of B. M. were least at 4 th Month, gradually increased at5th-6th Month, remained unchanged at 7 th, 8 th and 9 th Month, and again slightly increased at 10 th Month. The number of days with B. M. and the frequency of B. M. were tested for the difference in mean population between each Month, it revealed that if the survey period did not exceed two months, it is not neccessary to consider the errors derived from the differences in physiological alterations between the values at the beginning and at the end of the survey.
The mean number of days with B. M.was 11.25±2.88 in all pregnant women and the percentage of women with less than 11 days with B. M. was 46.6%. As for the meanfrequencyofB.M., it was 13.15±4.54 in all and the percentage of women with frequency of B. M. less than 13 was 48.9%. Thus, both percentages are neary the same. From these findings, it was proposed that constipation was said to have occurred when the number of days with B. M. was less than 11 days during a given 14-day period.
The incidences of constipation by the Month were 70% at 4 th Month, 40.7% at 5th Month, 27.8% at 6th Month, 35.7-50% at 7th, 8th and 9th Month, and 26.8% at 10 th Month.
The time course of the number of days with B. M. and of the frequency of B. M. with the Month in pregnancy would be expressed by cubic curve. If the Month was given as x, the following regression equation was applicable: Number of days with B.M.=-20.7153+14.1778x-2.0169x²+0.0932x³
Frequency of B.M.=-29.1467+18.8520x-2.7142x²+0.1275x³ (x: 4-10)

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The effects of chlormadinone acetate (CMA) on human benign prostatic hypertrophy was studied by a double blind trial using Paraprost (PPC) as a controL The administration of CMA was 50 mg per day for 16 weeks. The clinical results obtained were:
1) Global judgement demonstrated that CMA group was significantly improved as compared with PPC group. Same results were also obtained by grading method examination.
2) The radiologicamndings in urethrogram revealed that the degree of improvementin CMA group was significantly higher than that in PPC group. When examined by items, CMA group was significantly higher than PPC group in the degree of improvement both in estimation of prostatic volume by Thumann's method and elevation of bladder base.
3) Seven patients of CMA group and one of PPC complained of a decline in potency, but all of them recovered from the symptom during the period of the administration of CMA or by the 8th week after the cease of the treatment.
Judging from the above results, CMA is considered an useful drug for the conservative treatment in human benign prostatic hypertrophy.

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The effects of CS-414, one of benzodiazepine derivertives which is newly synthesized, on respiration and circulation were studied in 44 patients prepared for surgical procedures. The sedative effect of CS-414 was clearly demonstrated, while the hypnotic effect was observed to be mild. It took about 15 minutes for the onset of its effects after CS-414 (i.v.). The action, however, remained for long period (several hours-a few days with 0.4 mg/kg). Suppression of respiration and circulation did not occur after administration of CS-414. In two patients received a modified neuroleptanalgesia (NLA) with CS-414, pentazocine and nitrous oxide, postoperative suppression of respiration and circulation was not observed. This modified NLA was a favorable method for the open-heart-surgery. The toxicity of CS-414 was thought to be slight in terms of clinical signs and laboratory data.

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A double-blind study to investigate the analgesic effect of indomethacin was performed on postoperative patients undergone upper abdominal surgery. Pain relief was assessed by scoring pain and by modified spirometric technique of Bromage who reported that postoperative pain reduced the vital capacity of patients and the degree of its improvement was paralleled with analgesia. Indomethacin suppositories were given at doses of 100mg each upon the termination of operation and 6 hours later, and at 50mg 20 hours later after operation.
The indomethacin-treated group exhibited a lower pain score and a decreased requirement of narcotics than the control. The spirometry revealed a significant improvement of both postoperative vital capacity and peak flow rate in the indo methacin-treated group. Modified respiratory restoration factor was 7.5% at 2 hours, 8.9% at 6 hours and 15.8% at 24 hours after surgery.

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PZ-177 has been found to have potent analgesic and anti-inflammatory actions comparable to aminopyrine in animal experiments . The present study was performed to evaluate the analgesic effectiveness of PZ-177 in human beings. Pain threshold was measured by the method of Hardy which was improved by Nakahama (Pain Meter). The radiant heat was given to hand skin of volunteers for 3 sec, the energy was increased till volunteers feel pain and the threshold value was recorded as mcal/sec/cm². Volunteers were 20-30 years old, weighing 40-70kg and train ed in order to perceive pain threshold. After pain threshold was measured every 30 min till 2hrs, drug was administered orally and pain threshold was measured for 5hrs.
The low dose test was performed in 3 male and 2 female volunteers . PZ-177 of 200mg showed significantly higher pain threshold than the placebo value and showed almost the same effect as aminopyrine of 200mg. In high dose test, mean pain threshold of 5 women was increased by placebo and did not show significant difference between each drug and placebo. While in 5 male volunteers, PZ-177 of 500mg showed significantly higher pain threshold than the placebo value and was more potent than mefenamic acid of the same dose. PZ-177 was less active than aminopyrine in immediate effect after administration, but more longer than aminopyrine in maintenance of effect.

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The effect of Bencyclane on human platelet aggregations induced by various aggregating agents was studied and the mechanism of its anti-aggregating effect was investigated from the viewpoint of the synthesis of prostaglandin (PG) endoperoxides and/or thromboxane A₂ (LASS) by human platelets. Bencyclane was added to citrated platelet-rich plasma one minute before the addition of each aggregating agent and platelet aggregation was monitored by Born's method with the aid of a dual sample aggregometer. Bencyclane inhibited platelet aggregations induced by ADP, epinephrine, collagen, arachidonic acid, thrombin, serotonin and LASS which had been synthesized by incubating the microsomal fraction of human platelets with arachidonic acid. Concentrations of Bencyclane required to inhibit the synthesis of PG endoperoxides by platelets as estimated by malondialdehyde formation as well as by the incubation of human platelets with 1-¹⁴C arachidonic acid were much higher (more than hundred times) than those necessary to inhibit platelet aggregations. These results suggest that the inhibitory effect of Bencyclane on the platelet aggregation is other than through the inhibition of PG synthesis by human platelets.

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